chempath tut2

1.1 How many milliliters of concentrated HNO3 (sp gravity 1.42 g/ml; assay =
85%) are required to prepare 5 litres of 0.5 NO3? [5]

1.2 What amount of NaOH is required to obtain 100 mg of Na? [4]

2. Explain the following statements:
2.1 Foreign antigens and antisera may leave little permanent damage.
2.2 Labels must not be present in body fluids in high concentration.
2.3 The lab may required samples taken from animals.
2.4 The thyroid gland is one organ that is often neglected and is an essential in its numerous functions
2.5 A overproduction of VMA / HMA may be precipitated by tumors [5]


3. Discuss 4 of the listed techniques / assays that may be encountered in immunoassays. Provide full names.

3.1 ELISA
3.2 IRMA
3.3 EMIT
3.4 SLFIA
3.5 FPIA [10]

4. Using GH (Growth hormone) as an example explain the concept of competitive binding. Draw various diagrams to depict various levels of GH.
[15]

5. Discuss the concept of chemiluminescence. Explain the origin and how it may
be eliminated. [3]




6. If you were to establish a lab for RIA state all the necessary precautions you would take to ensure you would obtain the specified license to practice. [7]


7. Catherine is a librarian who went to her GP as she was not her usual self for a number of months. Her weight deteriorated and her eyes began bulging. On examination, her doctor observed that she had a slightly enlarged thyroid gland.

Blood tests showed the following:

TSH < 0.1 mU/L
fT4 33 pmol/l
fT3 12 pmol/l

7.1 Discuss the above case with possible diagnosis. [6]
7.2 Give the possible treatment [1]

8. Castor Semenya made the headlines last year and later the topic was very sensitive due to its very nature. Explain the concept from a molecular level and its implications. [6]


9.1 Differentiate between the drug chemical name, generic and trade name. Give an example [6]


9.2 Briefly explain all the factors which may affect drug level assays and interpretation [7]