1.1 A 22-year-old Librarian went to her family doctor as she noticed that her skin was becoming moist quite often. She was told by her colleagues that she should visit her doctor as her eyes seemed to have become more prominent and that she was losing weight. On examination her doctor noted that she had a slightly enlarged thyroid gland.
Blood tests showed the following:
TSH < 0.1 mU/L
fT4 33 pmol/l
fT3 8 pmol/l
The scan perform showed an enlarged gland. Autoantibodies to thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin were present in the serum in high titre.
Discuss the above case with possible diagnosis. [6]
1.2 Explain what is meant by negative feedback inhibition using thyroid hormone as an example. [6]
2. Write notes on:
2.1 Cortisol
2.2 Testosterone [10]
3. Explain the principle used in RAST technique. [5]
4. Assays in an Endocrinology Laboratory are subject to assay robustness. Heterophile antibodies and the ‘hook effect’ are just 2 examples that affect assays. Using a hormone as an example comment on these and discuss how they are overcome. [8]
5. hCG is now widely used as a tumour marker as well to check for pregnancy. Discuss the structure of the hormone and name the hormone to which it is similar.
Explain the various tests that are used for its detection.
[8]
6. Discuss congenital adrenal hyperplasia and the tests involved in its detection. [8]
7. What disease does the doctor suspect if there is elevated catecholeamines? Give special precautions (of the patient) prior to the test.
[5]
8. Describe 5 of the following immunochemical techniques:
8.1 Radial Immunodiffusion
8.2 Immunoelectrophoresis :
8.3 Isoelectric focusing (IEF)
8.4 Western blot
8.5 Laurell ‘Rocket’ immunoelectrophoresis
8.6 Immunonephelometry
[10]
9. What are the following acronyms (with regard to radioactivity)?
9.1 R
9.2 RAD
9.3 REM
[3]
10. Write short notes on waste disposal of radioactive material. [7]
No comments:
Post a Comment