serotyping
S dysenteriae is group A with 13 serotypes
S flexneri is group B with 6 serptypes
S boydii is group C with 18 serotypes
S sonnei is group D with 1 serotype
group A is beg for mannitol fermentation
all others groups are pos
group D is late lactose fermenters and ONPG pos
serotyping is done using slide agglutination tests using specific antisera
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